forestgnome said:
I'll be keeping this in mind today, warming one battery while using the other, as opposed to thinking I was done once both batteries quit due to cold.
Keeping a spare set of bqtteries in a warm pocket and swapping as needed is a good strategy in the cold. Just make sure the batteries in your pocket
cannot short--not only will this discharge the batteries, but you can get burned or set on fire with some battery technologies (lithium, LION, NiMH, NiCad). Plastic holders/covers are a good way to prevent this hazard.
Batteries are electro-chemical devices. Electrical power is produced as a result of a chemical reaction and (most) chemical reactions slow down in the cold. Thus warming a cold battery can increase its available outout power.
Different battery chemistries have different cold tolerances:
* non-rechargable lithium: very good
* rechargable lithium ion (LION): medium
* NiMH: medium
* NiCad: medium
* alkaline: medium--poor
* carbon-zinc (dry cell): terrible
Note:
* A battery starts out with a certain amount of energy (energy=volts*amps*hrs, units of watt-hrs) and is dead (discharged) once this energy is consumed.
* An application consumes power (power=volts*amps, units of watts)
* If the battery is too cold, it cannot supply enough amperage (and thus power) for the application, but the energy within the battery is not lost, just unavailable. Warming makes it available again.
Note2:
Different devices place different power demands upon batteries--those that have the highest power demands will tend to make the batteries "fail" at the highest temps. Power (current) demands of several common outdoor devices:
* digital camera: high
* cell phone: receive low, transmit med-high
* GPS: med
* incandescent headlamp/flashlight: med-high
* LED headlamp/flashlight: low-med-high
* headphone radio/MP3 player: low, if properly designed
* watch/clock: very low
You may be able to remove a battery from a high demand device and immediately use it in a lower demand device without rewarming.
Note3:
The above is a bit of a simplification--both battery voltage and current capability vary with temp and state-of-charge. The above description is good enough for you to get the best from your batteries.
More info at
http://www.batteryuniversity.com/index.htm.
Doug