Interesting observation about pre Covid vs current. I'm not getting north as often. But when I have, I'm seeing more impact of trash than I used to. My sense is that COVID has gotten people hiking more, not less. I was honestly astonished by the condition of the Greenleaf trail last year.
Regarding the impact of the AMC huts on both trails and parking within Franconia SP, if they are already causing over use of both trails and parking without any others in consideration, then that's an underlying problem that needs to be sorted regardless. As for AMC visitors "buying their way around the system", I agree that one-dollar/one-vote is always a crap substitute for actual democracy. Just to be clear, the AMC is not a democratic organization. It serves its member, not the broader general public. If we the people of the general public want good outcomes, we need to engage with the relevant state and federal government structures. I understand the fatigue and cynicism involved here. I have little hope of our government structures working democratically, but it's the only hope I see. The AMC can be put into a box in terms of trail and parking usage but only if democratic control is exercised (from outside of the AMC).
In terms of the usage (not parking, correct) permit system in the Great Gulf, grift is always bad. But I've lived under such regimes in Cali and in my experience, the inconveniences and capriciousness of the system is well worth the overall good. Yosemite with trail permits is already crowded. Without trail permits... the mind boggles. Permit systems protect popular trails from over use and distribute impact to alternative routes and destinations.
IMO, the Whites have needed trail permits for decades.