Some general cardiac rambling
Remember Jim Fixx, the individual who brought running back into the mainstream? Dead of heart attack at 51 despite being a big time runner. He had a family history of heart issues and thought he could run away from them. A former coworker passes away from heart attack two years ago on routine 50 mile bike ride, tall and thin athlete with few vices. They did an autopsy and reportedlyfound evidence of a couple of prior heart attacks.
First thing is its hard to beat inherited genetic conditions, things are getting better on that front but the goal is to square the curve to maximize life span, hard to outrun the genes Next thing to realize is "medical inc" in the US would much rather peddle lifestyle drugs than to deal with root causes. The European medical establishment have a different view of the causes of heart attacks and there are some folks who claim that a lot of atherosclerosis is caused by an inflammatory response to long term low grade infections in the body, gum disease, stress and smoking to name a few. Cholesterol is regarded as an intermediate issue. Its trying to smooth out the inflammation in the blood vessels which works in the short term but also restricts the vessel size and on occasion it will pull away from the vessel walls and plug the nearest tight spot. There is a test called precise CRP that grades the amount of inflammation in the blood vessels. Someone with a low number does not have to be so aggressive at treating other factors but those with high numbers have to be more aggressive. Its actually a far better indicator for an older women's risk of first time heart attacks as cholesterol numbers correlation with first time cardiac events are notoriously unreliable with that population. The problem with the test is it does not lead to a prescription for a long term drug. There was big JAMA study on this approach but it was not well received and several lesser followups had questioned the value. Web MD seems to still support it
https://www.webmd.com/heart-disease/guide/heart-disease-c-reactive-protein-crp-testing#1
The current drugs of choices are statins and they do have significant side effects to some folks including myself and I went through a couple of years of side effects before I had to give them up. Joint issues, sore feet filling up with fluid after a hike, insomnia and a few others. I am not the only one, I have run into several folks prescribed statins that had serious side effects which impacted them significantly and it took them awhile to figure out what the cause was. I know other folks who can take them with no side effects and their cholesterol numbers reflect it.
I have heard from a couple of heart surgeons over the years that the plaques that cause the problems in the sixties probably were deposited in the 40s and 50s. By the time statins are prescribed there are already arterial plaques slowly waiting for their time to break loose. Reduce the amount of overall inflammation in the system and they may not break loose and new ones may not form. The bummer is the prescription to reduce inflammation is not easy, its lifestyle modification and maybe better dental treatment. About the only drug is low dose aspirin as its a systemic anti inflammatory. Unfortunately fortunes are not made with over the counter drugs so the quest goes on to hook folks on newer long term prescription drugs.
Due to my "statin intolerence" I have been a guinea pig for various other drug combinations including very high dose Niacin which has some interesting side effects. The usual game for statin intolerance is go to a specialist to see what drug has the least side effects and convince the person to take it and hope a better drug comes out. At some point my doctor figured it was time for the cardiac stress test and some sort of cardiac test where they inject dye and take scans of the blood vessels. When the tests were finished the cardiac doctor said no plaques or signs of plaques and I maxed out the treadmill. I wouldnt mind having it done in another few years and see if they can compare the two tests but most insurance plans discourage testing as it costs too much. My favorite past doctor knew I hiked most weekends and figured I was doing stress tests every weekend.
Years ago at VFTT gathering there was a hiker who I was talking to. Somehow the issue came up that he was living on borrowed time. No male in his extended family back several generations had made it over 50. He was 51. I am curious if he is still around.