Lost hikers on Franconia Ridge

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First of all, my condolences to the families of these men and congratulations to the SAR team for their fine efforts. Another tragedy has struck our little community. Sadness and reflection are the order of the day. That being said, I have a few observations.

Personally I don’t wring my hands to think of what more can be done to stop these apparently senseless tragedies. There are warning signs all over the trails, the internet is widely available with a plethora of information about winter hiking, there are organizations which teach winter safety, the news organizations print and broadcast every death and lost hiker situation, there are bulletin boards like this to learn from, and there are friends and families to tell us to be careful. It is no secret. Winter hiking can be dangerous and sometimes lethal. Bad things can happen.

We seem to forget that it is the danger itself which draws many people to the mountains. The 1996 tragedy on Mt Everest was itself the single greatest advertisement for the high altitude guiding agencies. There are endless examples of stories on this site itself of people who tell of regaling their non-hiking friends with exploits of a death march or hiking through a storm or breaking trail in knee deep snow. It is the danger and feeling of adventure that is a key attraction that draws many to this sport. There are those who revel in the jazz of having the attention of the cocktail party crowd and telling tales of their daring do. There are those who quietly go about pushing their limits to the edge and sometimes beyond it. After all, you’ll never know how far you can go until you’ve gone too far.

Picture this: You are hiking and the conditions (health, weather, food intake, equipment, clothing, what have you) are just not right. You are looking for the line that says you’ve gone too far but it is not readily apparent until after you’ve crossed that line. Now that you’ve crossed it, it is too late. Suddenly you are in unfamiliar and dangerous territory where just a few minutes ago you felt safe and secure. Now, quite clearly, you are in over your head. Now what do you do?

Only when you cross that line several times do you have the ability to recognize it before you cross it. But here’s the rub; you‘ve got to get yourself back to the other side first in order to recognize that line from all sides. Many people do not have the experience, fortitude, judgment, strength and/or good fortune to get back to the safe side. Some do. That’s the difference between an epic and a tragedy. Only occasionally do we hear about the epics but we always seem to hear about the tragedies.

This is another in an endless line of deaths in the mountains. Face it; the pastime we love has inherent dangers. Some are not avoidable but some are. That does not mean however that we will always avoid them. We will not always heed warnings. We will not always have common sense. We will not always go fully prepared. We will not always be lucky. We will not always come back home. It is sad. We will grieve. We will teach. We will warn. We will learn. We will prepare. But….we will still die in the mountains. It is what it is.

JohnL
 
Warning: Since 2000, 3 hikers have died on this trail

Like Maddy and for many others, the question for me is how we can best prevent or guard against these tragic errors of judgment and inexperience. Hike Safe is a great program and tool, but IMO, interest in it and similar programs assumes a level of knowledge and respect for consequences that unfortunately seems to be lacking by the very folks who need it most. Short of requiring a Hike Safe certificate in order to go hiking in the mountains, or a ranger approval a la BSP (something that's never going to happen down here in Live Free New Hampshire), the options seem to get reduced to the level of cautionary placards and trail warnings.

In my hikes through the US from the Pacific NW to the Rockies extensively, I've seen and encountered a range of these warnings. Now, after having been here in the Whites for 4 years, I can say I have the firm opinion that we are lacking in appropriate numbers and placements of such. I've seen two or three perfunctory and boilerplate warnings in the Presis (I do remember one at the base of Ammo and perhaps one at Pinkham), but other than that I've seen none others that gave me pause or that were particularly memorable.

It's unfortunate really. Practically inexcusable. I know from experience that the right warning can have an amazingly insulative effect on inexperience. For example, when I was training to do the CDT in 2000, I was a basically a flatlander who didn't know shirt from shinola about weather danger. I lolloped to the top of Hahn's Peak outside of Steamboat in advance of a storm front that was gathering blackness and malevolence by the second. Had it not been for this particular warning (as follows, verbatim) I probably would have died.

---

Lightning! Be Aware! Afternoon storms are typical during the summer months. Avoid the top at all costs if an electrical storm is in the area. Get away from rocks and boulder fields! Lightning travels through the route of least resistance. Water is a great conductor of electricity and do you realize that because of the high water content of our bodies (70%) we are even better conductors than trees! Rocks do not contain water so lightning will travel to the best possible conductor – you!

Proper defensive positions against lightning strike: A. Make your body a single point ground by putting your ankles and knees together then crouching down. This posture lessens the chance of being a lightning rod or having a charge enter one of your feet from the ground, travel through your vital organs, then exit through your other foot. B. Another suggested position is to drop to your knees and bend forward, putting your hands on your knees.

Lightning never strikes twice! Don’t you believe it! The fact is there are many documented cases of multiple lightning strikes in the same place. A good example of this is the Empire State Building which is struck an average of 25 times a single year. Lightning is the second most life threatening natural phenomenon, the first being flash floods. About 300 cases of lightning caused death are reported each year! Take cover in a metal topped vehicle when it is not possible to go inside a bldg. Do not touch metal parts of the vehicle. The rubber tires do not provide protection – nor do rubber soled shoes. Avoid trees! Lightning often hits trees, travels down the trunk and may explode the bark. The charge then spreads out on the ground. Low lying bushes are safer. Take cover inside if at all possible but don’t stand near doors or windows - lightning will come right in after you.! If your hair stands on end immediately take safety actions! A lightning strike could be imminent; you are charged and ready to be a perfect target! It takes 5 secs for the sound of thunder to travel 1 mile, 10 sec for two mile, etc etc.

!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

----

So that was the warning. The sign itself was huge and obscene (it took up one whole side of the dilapidated summit weather station), yet it seems that someone out there in CO. finally decided to idiotproof the peak, as much as could be done with words. The warning was alarming, chilling, terrifying and provocative. It convinced me to get my ass off that mountain and I do believe it helped me to stay alive.

A few more signs, either at trailhead or just below treeline, to instill the fear of God or death, could go a long way. Maybe, if others agree, this could be a project for VFTT.

Caleb
 
caleb said:
A few more signs, either at trailhead or just below treeline, to instill the fear of God or death, could go a long way. Maybe, if others agree, this could be a project for VFTT.
Whatever 'we' did, it would have to be approved by the Forest Service, DEC, etc., depending on where you are.

And I doubt that actually making the sign is the issue. If the people in charge thought it was a good idea, there would already be signs. Maybe 'our' project needs to be to convince the authorities that signs should be put up in more places.
 
Tom Rankin said:
Whatever 'we' did, it would have to be approved by the Forest Service, DEC, etc., depending on where you are.

And I doubt that actually making the sign is the issue. If the people in charge thought it was a good idea, there would already be signs. Maybe 'our' project needs to be to convince the authorities that signs should be put up in more places.

That's not a bad idea Tom - maybe we should see how best to lobby our respective areas for better education on these issues.

BUT - I am now reading "Deaths in Yosemite", written by a couple of former Rangers there, about folks who have been killed in the Park. Even with many posted signs about staying on trail, out of waterfall feeds, etc - there have been 45 deaths in Yosemite waterfalls. At least half of these have been folks who have gone into the water, slipped, and fell. Several even walked over the edge to take better pictures and fell.

These trails and streams are all marked, so as much I think we do need signs and education, there will always be those who think the warnings don't apply to them.

Note - I am NOT in any way saying that's what happened here, and I doubt it, but in general - there will always be the ya-ya's who just don't care.

Scott

BTW - it's a wild book! I'd recommend it highly.
 
caleb said:
Lightning! Be Aware!
Caleb

Yep. The only additions I would make are these. One is, if you can hear thunder you are in range of the lightning. People have been killed more than once in sunny weather overhead and a front moving towards and the people heard the thunder but because it was sunny were they where they disregarded it. The proverbial "bolt out of the blue" is real.

And two is, you have a 50/50 chance of reviving someone from CPR alone if their heart has stopped from a lightning strike or breathing for them if they are in respiratory failure. If they have stopped breathing don't stop giving them breaths if their heart is still beating and if it stops start CPR. Carry a barrier mask at all times and of course learn proper CPR.

Keith
 
Dr. Dasypodidae said:
A couple of us on PVSART have begun a discussion about what more we might do about warnings, such as signs, etc.

The HikeSafe program has been useful, but is there more that we can do?
Any other ideas out there?

This is a reply that I sent to Dr D and he requested that I post it here. So.....here goes.
1. I think the wording needs to be very strong and no nonsense. Tell it like it is.
*see post#79 for specific example
2. The signs should greet the hiker at the trailhead and also as one emerges above treeline. They could be placed at all popular trailheads where novice or inexperienced hikers are more likely to be hiking. Reading this as you are putting your pack on gives you plenty of time to ponder it in some way, shape, or form as you hike toward treeline. If things don't look so good up there, you have already been warned once and it just might be a little easier to abandon your climb without shame when you read something similar for the second time.
3. They should include a warning that you will be charged for the cost or your rescue if you have been irresponsible. It could include a dramatic scene with SAR folks, a helicopter, a rescue in progress. The pic would make it come alive, make it real.
4. In smaller print it could list the gear required to winter hike. There could be a similar list for summer hiking.
The surface of the signs would have some kind of surface covering to help protect them from vandalism.
5. A number to call to obtain current weather info could be posted with a recommendation that it be used prior to setting out on the hike.
6. There could also be web sites listed for Safe Hiking info that hikers could refer to at their leisure, in the comfort of their homes.
 
Without stating this too strongly, given the bulk of this thread is about the death of a hiker; someone's husband, father, son, brother, etc...
There is no warning that can or should sufficiently educate or prevent anyone from heading into the woods and up a mountain.

In fact, the more detail a trailhead warning goes into, the more that will substitute (in people's minds) for real education and experience.
"Okay, Everybody's read the sign ? Let's Go !"
 
Very sad story.....hard to know what exactly happened up there.....what direction were they going when found 200 feet north of Little Haystack?

The key thing to teach hikers is to be willing to turn back. There is no shame in turning back. Especially in cold winter conditions......if it's sub-zero.....you have to keep moving towards a safer place and warmth (usually that means the car by the trailhead). If you break an ankle and without warm overnight gear in those severe winter conditions......you better be prepared to crawl back......

Proper mindset and proper gear is needed wherever you set a foot..... including the mountains. Some people who hike naked rely more heavily on the mindset side.......which is probably the more important of the two......but a proper mindset usually means you bring adequate gear and clothing for the circumstances.....no need for me to preach to the choir ;)

How do we get the message out to the rookies?.....those ideas about more signs are good. We rely heavily on people's own responsibility when we can't put a ranger at each TH.
 
Chip said:
In fact, the more detail a trailhead warning goes into, the more that will substitute (in people's minds) for real
education and experience.
"Okay, Everybody's read the sign ? Let's Go !"

I think you are right. There will be a certain group of people that will do just that. To them I say...Godspeed.You just cannot reach everyone.
However, I think that for some of the folks who are getting into serious trouble because they don't have the education or experience, this could be a great beginning. When I read the warning in the AMC book that I quoted, I made a decision to ask my friend's dad (a guide) to accompany us.I could really visualize the "freezing fog suffocating me" and the "hurricane force winds" exhausting me. The thought of lying on a bed of rocks, gasping for air sobered me right up and I did pursue hiking safely. The language that was used was critical to getting and holding my attention. I think there are probably many more like me who read those same words and opted to do more research on the subject.
Education has to start somewhere. The warning sign at the trailhead could be the "intro" to Hiking 101.
 
Chip said:
Without stating this too strongly, given the bulk of this thread is about the death of a hiker; someone's husband, father, son, brother, etc...

I happen to know James Osbourne, not well, but I know him. He is the manager for the Boston Express Bus Service to Boston out of Nashua, at the exit 6 visitor center. He always seemed nice, willing to help, had a smile and in fact helped me with a problem to a happy resolution a few months back. The Concord line bus drivers are all devestated by this tragedy, he is well liked. He is apparently divorced, has 2 kids, and his mother came up from NC yesterday.

According to the person I spoke with, he left an itinerary in their car of exactly where they were going, which I am sure helped. I can't speak for decisions or experience levels, but Chips correct, lets at least try and keep it on track if possible.
 
Mats Roing said:
The key thing to teach hikers is to be willing to turn back.

...

How do we get the message out to the rookies?.....those ideas about more signs are good. We rely heavily on people's own responsibility when we can't put a ranger at each TH.
You probably can't. There is no prerequisite for hiking; if you can simply get to the trailhead and you're at least a partially functioning human being you can start nearly any hike (who knows if you can complete it). Even speaking/reading English is no prereq.

Extra signage -- either more signs or more detailed signs or both -- by no means guarantees people will bother to read and if they do read, comprehend what they're reading. There is not test to pass for them to continue on with their hike.

I agree with Giggy... it's a sad thing but people are going to die on these trails. Statistically speaking, it makes sense: insanely popular trail + winter conditions + treeline = increased risk or increased chance of an accident. Accidents can happen to the most prepared folks but we all know it's how we handle an accident after it has occurred that matters, for the most part.

I think extra signs will be useless, and if anything laughable. People are going to do what they want to do and they'll rationalize anything else. Others don't like to feel like their being "lectured to." The fact is people are going to do what they want and a sign isn't going to stop them. Rangers at every trailhead is at best impracticable and at worst ridiculous and I doubt freedom-loving New Hampshirites are going to go for oppressive regulations like that to protect citizens from themselves.

I really feel bad for this guy who died -- it's such an awful thing to hear about considering one of our own at VFTT lost a loved one recently while hiking. I think it would be unfair to pass judgment as well: This guy was an adult, was free to make a choice (which he did) and, unfortunately circumstances went horribly wrong. If he did something "stupid" well, all of us have done something "stupid" as well, luck wasn't on his side this time. If he did something smart, well, luck wasn't on his side either.

Someone dying accidentally makes us all feel very hopeless because there's nothing you can do after the fact. It's natural though to act reactionary and say, "lets put more signs" and "more rangers" but you can't protect people from themselves (without being oppressive) and you can't protect against any and all accidents. Education helps (as well all do here) but it only goes so far. Reading VFTT is not a requirement to go hiking.

-Dr. Wu
 
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giggy said:
not enough warnings in (and about) the whites?

what????

Well, obviously we disagree. I don't believe that the number and strength of the trail warnings in the Whites are adequate. Like I related above, I have seen many warnings out West that have stopped me in my tracks. Not so here. Not nearly. Given the unique nature of the Whites, a combination of easy access and extraordinary weather, one would think that our signage would be at least on par with the worst/best of the Rockies and the Cascades, if not better. We lack the natural or administrative choke points as the similarly bad-weathered places out west (places like Hood, Rainer, Longs Peak), the places that normally herd hikers in front of the watchful eye of professionals and other hikers. But not so here. Here, a person can park a car at a trail head in any of 50 different places and in 2 hrs can find themselves on a completely different planet, screwed within the span of an afternoon. This phenomenal ease of access is utterly unique. Combined with the prevalence of summit weather that honestly defies belief and regional experience, and at any rate is regularly out of sync with with the surrounding towns and valleys, it is small wonder that the inexperienced often find themselves unprepared and unable to cope.

These are the people I'm interesting in helping. I do not at all disparage the notion of hiker responsibility, and certainly you can't save everyone. But I'm not so darwinian and macho that I don't feel compelled to do whatever I can do to help the 50 yr old guy from Ohio who thinks he can throw a sandwich and a sweater in a knapsack, or the college co-ed who gets talked into an ill-advised daytrip. These are the people who deserve, IMO, the strongest possible warnings and trail signage as to the nature and consequences of hiking in the whites.

I haven't seen them. I know what a STOP-YOU-IN-YOUR-TRACKS warning sign looks like. I haven't seen them in the Whites. At best, signage is either too soft or it's hit-or-miss. When is the last time you walked up a trail where there was a year-to-date death tally? Longs peak has one. There was one in the ranger station at paradise/Raineer a few years back. Why not here? Or something very similar to it.
 
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Perhaps Doug Paul could provide us with study that attempts to evaluate the effectiveness of signage on the populace.

-Dr. Wu
 
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I am relieved to hear that the surviving climber's condition has been upgraded. I hope that he will be willing to share some details of thier ordeal. I am perplexed by the amount of time they survived on the ridge? Heading up Falling Waters at 13:30 sunday and found Monday at 19:30 by Little Haystack??

I wonder if they hunkered down for the night sunday on the porch of Greenleaf Hut -- not sure how far they could have gotten sunday afternoon -- perhaps they made the ridge -- but it seems like there are lots of missing peices to this puzzle -- with the pea soup fog conditions sunday midmorning and the blizzard conditions later in the day -- perhaps they stayed at Greenleaf and then headed up on the ridge monday when things cleared?

One thing is certain, those poor fellows faced some harrowing conditions. Its such a tragic story, another in a long history of tragic deaths above treeline in the Whites.
 
giggy said:
Are you saying a death toll at every trailhead - thats a bit much IMO.
It would be somewhat meaningless as well. The death toll isn't (thankfully) sufficiently high enough to stop people from rationalizing themselves ("that won't happen to me!") onto the trail.
giggy said:
I would call those big yellow signs that say STOP many have died here - even in summer due to weather... pretty much stop in your tracks signs. Most trail kiosks have this as well - due to hikesafe, etc..

Accidents happen. Its a tragic event and I feel for family and freinds of these 2.
Those yellow signs are good but will have different meaning for everyone. To be honest, when I was a newbie I probably laughed at those signs and now that I'm more "seasoned" I treat those signs with a bit more respect. That's just me -- we'll all have some different anecdote or different feeling about those signs. Do they have them on Franconia Ridge? I can't remember.

-Dr. Wu
 
Edited and Deleted posts - its just not the place nor time to be discussing proper warnings, etc.. when a fellow hiker has died.

nothing to say but its tragic and I hope the 2nd hiker pulls through.

RIP
 
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The forest service isn't going to put a bunch of signs on trails as a reaction to an incident. The are enough signs. It's up to people to learn how to be safe. Accidents like this, if presented in the right way, can help people learn.
In the Alps there are hundreds of deaths each year, and people pretty much accept it. Let's accept it, and at the same time, learn from it and try to educate. A sign won't help before an accident, which happens where you least expect it.
 
dr_wu002 said:
Perhaps Doug Paul could provide us with study that attempts to evaluate the effectiveness of signage on the populace.
Nope. Leave me out of this one. IMO, there is no quick fix.

Deaths on the highway are a cost of transportation. Deaths in the mountains are a cost of hiking.

At one extreme you have Baxter-like management. People die there. At the other extreme you have the free access of the Whites and DAKs. People die there too.

IMO, safety on the mountain mostly depends on the individual.

Doug
 
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